Involved is a group of signal-receiving proteins – receptors – that are responsible for the membrane curvatures of the ER and thus for its multiple forms in the cell.Ī super-high resolution microscopy technique reveals how FAM134B proteins assemble into clusters after stimulation of ER-phagy in the endoplasmic reticulum. A process called ER-phagy (roughly “self-digestion of the ER”) is responsible for ER degradation. In view of its multiple tasks, the ER is constantly being remodeled. Furthermore, it neutralizes harmful toxins that find their way into the cell, thus safeguarding the cell’s functionality and health. It also plays a key role in quality control by directing misfolded proteins toward the cell’s internal waste disposal system. In addition, the ER serves as the foundation for the cell’s transport system, facilitating the movement of materials within the cellular environment. Additionally, the ER is integral to the production of lipids and hormones, and is responsible for maintaining the cell’s calcium balance. It serves as the manufacturing hub for proteins, overseeing their production, ensuring they fold into the appropriate three-dimensional structure, and modifying them as needed. The endoplasmic reticulum, often abbreviated as ER, is a complex network of tubes, sacs, and membrane-bound compartments that pervade the cells of humans, animals, plants, and fungi. Credit: Manja Schiefer for Jena University Hospital Researchers have discovered the mechanisms that regulate the structure and function of the endoplasmic reticulum. Researchers in Frankfurt and Jena have now deciphered how the disturbed recycling chain of the endoplasmic reticulum can cause neurodegenerative diseases.
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